File and System Management

Commands to handle files, permissions, and system resources.

• cp

• Purpose: Copies files or directories.

• Example: cp file.txt /backup/ → Copies file.txt to /backup.

• mv

• Purpose: Moves or renames files/directories.

• Example: mv file.txt file_new.txt → Renames file.txt to file_new.txt.

• chmod

• Purpose: Changes file permissions.

• Example: chmod 700 script.sh → Sets execute permissions for the owner only.

• chown

• Purpose: Changes file ownership.

• Example: sudo chown kali:kali file.txt → Sets kali as owner and group.

• ps

• Purpose: Lists running processes.

• Example: ps aux → Shows all processes with details.

• kill

• Purpose: Terminates a process by PID.

• Example: kill 1234 → Stops process with PID 1234.

• top

• Purpose: Displays real-time system resource usage.

• Example: top → Shows CPU, memory, and process info (press q to quit).